1. There is no---ing / It is impossible to ⓥ / We cannot ⓥ :--할 수 없다
There is no denying the fact
=It is impossible to deny the fact
=We cannot deny the fact
There is no knowing what may happen
trusting him
accounting for tastes
2. It is no use/good ---ing : ---해도 소용없다
It is no use/good crying over spilt milk
=It is of no use to cry over spilt milk
=There is no use (in) crying spilt milk
It is no use going to see him
worrying about the matter
buying such a book
3. of one's own ---ing / pp by oneself : 자기가 직접---한
This is a picture of my own painting
(which was) painted by myself
Teaching is a profession of her own choosing
This hare is of my own shooting
4. It goes without saying that---/ It is needless to say that--- :
---는 말할 필요도 없다
It goes without saying that we must work hard
It is needless to say that ----------------
health is above wealth
communists are cruel
this book will improve your English
5. cannot help---ing / cannot but ⓥ / cannot help but ⓥ
have no choice/alternative but to ⓥ
be forced/obliged/compelled to ⓥ
I cannot help laughing
I cannot but laugh
I cannot help thinking so
admiring his courage
feeling sorry for his failure
6. On/Upon---ing / As soon as---
The moment/instant---
Immediately/Directly/Instantly---
No sooner had + S + pp--- than--------
Scarcely/Hardly had + S + pp--- when/before----------
On seeing me, he ran away
As soon as he saw me, ---------
The moment he saw me,----------
Directly he saw me,----------
No sooner had he seen me than he ran away
Scarcely had he seen me when he ran away
As soon as I got on the train, it began to move
On my getting on the train,--------
As soon as he received the letter, he turned pale
On receiving the letter,---------
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